Beginning in the 2026 academic year, tuition fees in higher education in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation are set to undergo a major restructuring. As reported by Le Soir and RTBF, the reform introduces a unified, income-based system, replacing the current model in which costs vary depending on institution type, program, and year of study. 

Under the new framework, four tuition categories will apply: 

1. Free for students eligible for scholarships  
2. EUR 374 per year for the “modest income” category  
3. EUR 835 per year for the “intermediate” category (current standard fee)  
4. EUR 1,194 per year for the full tuition rate, expected to apply to around 58% of students 

The reform eliminates additional institutional fees, known as “Fabs” (frais afférents aux biens et services), and establishes household income as the sole criterion for determining tuition levels. Income thresholds will be calculated based on total household resources, including taxable income, allowances, and other financial sources, with adjustments for dependents. The objective is to expand access to reduced fees, notably increasing the proportion of students in the “modest income” category from 1% to 10%. 

Administrative procedures will also be centralised. A single system will process applications, with the student grants administration determining each student’s income category, replacing the current reliance on institutional social services. 

The reform has nonetheless raised concerns among stakeholders. Student representatives warn that more than half of students may face fees close to EUR 1,200, placing increased pressure on middle-income households. Academic institutions and representative bodies have also expressed doubts about the potential impact on access to higher education, particularly for more vulnerable groups.  

The legislative process is ongoing, with a parliamentary vote expected in April 2026 ahead of implementation in the autumn.